You will need to directly or indirectly refer to some of the sources you use in your research within your assignment, either as a direct quote or by paraphrasing a concept. You will need to acknowledge these sources in the body of your work, and in a separate list of references at the end of your essay.

Paraphrasing
Wherever you refer to another person's views or words in your essay, even if you do not quote their words directly, you must acknowledge the source.The simplest way to do this is by using the Harvard style of citation, also known as the author-date system. Using this model, you simply insert the author's surname and the year of publication in brackets after your reference to their work. The other style of citation, known as the Oxford style is generally used in the Humanities, and involves the use of footnotes.

Example:
Predating the decline of communist idealogy, this modern myth of a revolution that went wrong (Orwell, 1945) is a classic work of political fiction.

Full details of the work you have briefly cited here will appear in your reference list.

Example:
Orwell, G 1945, Animal Farm, Penguin, London.

Quotations
You may wish to directly quote another writer's work in support of your topic. To do this:

For a brief quotation (under 30 words)
Include the quotation in quotation marks, followed by the author, date and page number of the publication in brackets. The full reference is listed in the bibliography.

Example:
"Lenin's death and the succession struggle constituted a political turning-point" (Fitzpatrick 1994, p 110).

Long quotation (more than a sentence)
Indent the quotation from both the left and right margine of the document. You do not need to enclose it in quotation marks. Include the reference to the author either immediately before or after the quote.

Example:
Jones (1995, p 63) in his biography of Ned Kelly states:

           Ned Kelly was entered in the prison register as being 5ft
            10ins; he was already tall for the times and not yet 16 
            - at least not until December. He passed the first three 
            months of 1871 here and was released in late March with 
            five weeks remission, to make his way home, down from 
            the ranges and over the Oxley Flats to Greta, the gap 
            and the Eleven Mile. His return was undoubtedly noticed 
            by Hall or drawn to his attention by one of his toadies.